เผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยของจักษุแพทย์ในจดหมายข่าว Academy Express

เผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยของจักษุแพทย์ไทย

ในจดหมายข่าว Academy Express

Academy Express เป็นจดหมายข่าว อิเล็กทรอนิกส์ ที่จัดทำโดย American Academy of Ophthalmology ส่งทาง email ทุกสัปดาห์ ถึงสมาชิกของ 19 องค์กร วิชาชีพทางจักษุวิทยาใน Asia Pacific region รวมทั้ง RCOPT ราชวิทยาลัยฯเชิญชวนสมาชิกจักษุแพทย์ ติดตาม ผลงานวิจัยของจักษุแพทย์ไทย ในคอลัมน์ ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL STUDIES ในจดหมายข่าวดังกล่าว

ท่านสมาชิกจักษุแพทย์ที่มีผลงานวิจัยใหม่ในวารสารวิชาการทางจักษุวิทยาที่เป็น indexed journal ส่งผลงานเพื่อเผยแพร่ใน Academy Express ฉบับต่อไปได้ที่ yyosanan@gmail.com หรือ admin@rcopt.org

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 27 Sep 2024

A Smartphone App May Aid in Occlusion Therapy Treatment Compliance

The Amblyopia Treatment Chulalongkorn University (ATCU) smartphone app was

developed to help with amblyopia treatment compliance, providing educational

resources, personalized notifications/reminders, and other tools. This randomized controlled trial assessed the ATCU app's effectiveness in improving occlusion therapy compliance compared with standard clinical care. Forty-four children aged 4-12 years with amblyopia and their caregivers participated in the study. At 1 month, the median treatment compliance rate was significantly higher in the smartphone app group than in the

standard-care group (82% vs 64%); at 3 months, the treatment compliance rate was

still higher in the smartphone app group, but did not reach clinical significance. Strabismus, April 2024

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09273972.2024.2335889

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 21 Sep 2024

The Histone Lysine Methyltransferaseb EZH2 May Play a Role in GO Pathogenesis

About 25%-50% of patients with Graves disease may develop Graves ophthalmopathy (GO). Teprotumumab is currently the only approved therapy for GO, but many eyes do not respond to treatment. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB has been shown to induce

several effector mechanisms in orbital fibroblasts of eyes with GO, including cytokine production and myofibroblast activation. This study investigated the role of histone lysine methyitransferases (HKMTs) in PDGF-BB-activated GO orbital fibroblasts and found the HKMT EZH2 to be dominantly involved in the expression of myofibroblast markers, indicating that EZH2 may be a potential therapeutic target. Scientific Reports, April 2024

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 13 Sep 2024

Patients With Graves Orbitopathy Could Benefit From Extra Selenium

This single-center, double-masked, randomized controlled trial studied the efficacy of selenium supplementation (200 pg/day) vs placebo in 29 patients with inactive moderate-to-severe Graves orbitopathy. Complete eye exams, clinical activity score (CAS), serum selenium level, and quality of life were evaluated. At the 6-month time point, significantly greater improvements in palpebral aperture width, CAS score, and quality of life were seen in the patients given selenium than in the patients given placebo. No significant changes in proptosis, ocular motility, and soft tissue signs were noted, and there were no significant adverse events. Orbit, June 2024

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01676830.2024.2315566

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 7 Sep 2024

Enhancing the Color Balance of Fundus Photographs May Offset the Effect of Cataracts

In this paper, the authors propose a method of enhancing color fundus photographs, using certain Photoshop RGB color specifications to improve the brightness, contrast, and color balance and offset the interference effects of cataracts. Based on a decorrelation model described by Hubbard et al. in 2008 for AMD images, this new model appeared to work well in cataracts with a density less than grade 2. However, when the images were taken through more dense cataracts (grade 2 or higher), some output results became unusable, particularly if one or more cataracts were in line with the macula. Computer Methods in

Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, June 2024

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21681163.2023.2274948

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 30 Aug 2024

Reducing IOP May Have an Effect on IOL Power Calculation, But Not on Biometry

This prospective, nonrandomized cohort study investigated the effect of IOP on biometric measurements and IOL power calculation in 28 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and presenting with IOP >25 mm Hg. Following implementation of IOP reduction measures, nonsignificant decreases were seen in all biometric parameters except for central corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth, while there was a slight but significant increase in IOL power (0.21 D). In addition, when IOP

was reduced by >10 mm Hg, IOL power was found to correspondingly shift by 0.5 D.

PLOS ONE, June 2024

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0304169

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 23 Aug 2024

Good Visual Outcomes Are Seen Post-Surgery in Many Patients with Pituitary Adenoma

A retrospective cohort study evaluated long-term visual outcomes in 87 patients who underwent surgery for pituitary adenoma (PA). Sixty-two percent of patients showed

visual improvement (decrease of <0.2logMAR) in the first year after surgery.

Improvements in visual field and visual acuity were primarily achieved 1-6 months

after surgery and then remained stable during the follow-up time (mean 47.5 months). In a multivariable logistic regression model, prolonged onset duration was associated with a reduced odds of achieving visual improvement, indicating that prompt PA surgery may aid in

achieving better visual outcomes. Clinical Ophthalmology, June 2024

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/OPTH.S463303

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 16 Aug 2024

In Thailand, Ocular Toxoplasmosis Often Presents as Primary Retinitis

Investigators conducted a retrospective chart review of 92 patients (95 eyes) with active ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) treated with antiparasitic drugs at a single hospital in Thailand to study the clinical presentation of OT and visual outcomes in a Southeast Asian population. The median follow-up time was 10.9 months. The most common presentation was primary retinitis without previous OT scars (62.1% of eyes). Twelve percent of patients were immunocompromised, and that group had a significantly larger lesion size than immunocompetent patients (>2-disc area). Oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole monotherapy was the most frequently prescribed antiparasitic drug. Twenty percent of patients with lesion resolution experienced severe visual loss (BCVA <20/200). PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, June 2024

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156401/

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 2 Aug 2024

Relatives of Patients with Glaucoma Have Higher Screening Uptakes in Hospital Settings

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is often inherited; therefore, glaucoma screening in patients' first-degree relatives (FDRs) can aid in early POAG detection. This comparative study evaluated the prevalence of glaucoma in FDRs and the differences in glaucoma screening uptake among FDRs between community- and hospital-based settings. Four hundred fifty-seven patients with POAG were included in the study. The prevalence of POAG in screened FDRs was 8.3%, with an additional 19.2% having glaucoma suspect. Significantly lower screening uptakes were seen in the community-based setting than in the hospital-based group. Factors influencing the likelihood of FDRs participating in the screening included female sex, age >45 years, higher education levels, and worse visual acuity in

the presenting eye. Clinical Ophthalmology, May 2024

https://www.dovepress.com/comparative-analysis-of-glaucoma-screening-uptake-among-first-degree-r-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 26 Jul 2024

In Older Patients, Age and Gender Differences in Refractive Disorder Rates Are Seen

A retrospective review of medical records from 1452 patients aged >60 years presenting for eye services in a university clinic found that the prevalence of refractive disorders (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia) ranged from 19.4%-36.5%. Myopia and hyperopia were more common in younger patients (age <70 years) and in men. Astigmatism and anisometropia were more common in older patients, and more women than men

presented with anisometropia. It should be noted that refractive error in this age group is not stationary, and frequent changes in spectacle power may be needed. Journal of Current Science and Technology, May-August 2024

https://ph04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JCST/article/view/3002/650

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 19 Jul 2024

Bacteria and Fungi Appear to Be the Most Common Pathogens in Microbial Keratitis

Medical records of 638 patients (640 eyes) with microbial keratitis seen at a single hospital in Thailand were reviewed to evaluate the causative pathogens of and predisposing risk factors for this disease. Positive culture results were obtained in 324 eyes (53.6%). Diagnostic tests identified bacteria, fungi, and mixed pathogens in 46.7%, 46.6%, and 21.4% of these eyes, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium spp. were the most commonly isolated pathogens. Trauma was the prevailing risk factor for microbial keratitis.

Clinical Ophthalmology, May 2024

https://www.dovepress.com/epidemiology-of-microbial-keratitis-at-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-sou-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 12 Jul 2024

Good Outcomes in Primary. Vitreoretinal Lymphoma Are Seen with Systemic Chemotherapy

Investigators studied the clinical characteristics of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) and outcomes after treatment in 15 patients (25 eyes) with a proven diagnosis of PVRL. The most common ophthalmic presentations of this disease were vitritis, anterior uveitis, and

retinal lesions. Two-thirds of the patients developed brain involvement, which resolved after treatment. Treatment modalities included intravitreal methotrexate and systemic chemotherapy, alone or in combination; higher remission rates were seen with systemic chemotherapy than with intravitreal methotrexate. Biomedical Science and Clinical Medicine, April-June 2024

https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CMMJ-MedCMJ/article/view/267593/181602

Academy Express Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับวันที่ 5 Jul 2024

Advanced Socket Contracture Repair Using Oral Mucosal Grafts Shows Good Success

Factors influencing the surgical outcomes of anophthalmic socket reconstruction with

autologous oral mucosal grafts were retrospectively evaluated in 37 patients who underwent repair of grade 2 or 3 socket contractures at a single hospital (grades based on Tawfik's classification). Surgical success was defined as the ability to wear an eye prosthesis without experiencing displacement and the absence of any additional surgeries following socket reconstruction. Grade 2 and grade 3 socket contracture reconstruction success rates

were 80.0% and 52.9%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, only grade 3 contractures were predictive of worse outcomes. BMC Ophthalmology, April 2024

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10993518/